2014;32(12):123641. 2016;14(4):45073. Notably, four patients (N, n=1; N+I, n=3) had major/complete response (greater than 90%). Based on this study and depending on the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) either pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy represents the first choice for these patients (14). Mandal R, enbabaolu Y, Desrichard A, Havel JJ, Dalin MG, Riaz N, et al. In this trial, only one patient showed a grade III AE (rash) while no patients had grade IV AE, consistent with the safety and tolerability of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (75). Pignon JP, le Matre A, Maillard E, Bourhis J. Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (MACH-NC): An Update on 93 Randomised Trials and 17,346 Patients. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.54.6309, 21. Recent landmark immunotherapy trials - melanoma, For larynx cancer, this approach was initially focused on reducing metastases, and preserving laryngeal function including speech and swallowing. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_280687, Keywords: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, neoadjuvant immunotherapy, clinical trial, biomarker, pathological tumor response, Citation: Shibata H, Saito S and Uppaluri R (2021) Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Paradigm Shift From Induction Chemotherapy to Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. The BATTLE-2 Study: a biomarker-integrated targeted therapy study in previously treated patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Therapeutically, HPV-positive HNSCC demonstrates sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy, and offers a better prognosis (2). Programmed Death-1/Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Axis Blockade in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stratified by Human Papillomavirus Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Table1 Completed neoadjuvant immunotherapy clinical trials. doi: 10.1126/science.aax0902, 10. Notably, the timing of immune checkpoint inhibitors may influence the outcome of cancer treatment (33). A Study to Evaluate Fractionated Radiation Therapy Utilizing GRID Therapy for Locally-advanced Bulky Tumors. Chan TA, Yarchoan M, Jaffee E, Swanton C, Quezada SA, Stenzinger A, et al. He works very closely with national patient advocacy groups for GIST and sarcoma and is Chairman of the Melanoma Academy in Poland. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa032646, 6. A Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Chemoradiotherapy Versus Chemoradiotherapy Alone as Treatment of Unresectable Head and Neck Cancer.